Protein Synthesis: Prokaryotes

Mission: Build the Polypeptide Chain!

Factor

E

P

A

30S

...AGGAGG...AUG...UUU...UAA...

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IF-1 & IF-3 Bind to 30S subunit to prevent premature 50S binding and ensure accurate start.

IF-2 (GTP) Escorts the initiator tRNA (fMet) to the P-site.

EF-Tu (GTP) Carries charged aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site. Checks for match.

EF-G (GTP) The "Translocase". Moves the ribosome down the mRNA by one codon.

RF-1 / RF-2 Release Factors. Recognize stop codons and cleave the polypeptide.

Shine-Dalgarno Sequence on mRNA (AGGAGG) that aligns the ribosome near AUG.